Automotive Interior Testing
Flammability
Flammability testing of automotive interior components is critical to ensure passenger safety and compliance with stringent regulatory standards, such as FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) in the United States. This testing assesses how materials like seat fabrics, plastics, and insulation react to fire, helping manufacturers design interiors that minimize fire hazards in the event of an accident.
Common tests include horizontal burn tests, where a material sample is exposed to a flame and its burn rate is measured, and vertical burn tests, which evaluate whether the material self-extinguishes when exposed to fire. Other tests may involve assessing the ignition resistance or smoke toxicity of materials. These tests are crucial for identifying and selecting flame-retardant materials, ensuring that interiors meet safety standards, and providing occupants with a safe environment.
Common Test Methods and Standards
FMVSS 302 Flammability of Interior Materials
FMVSS Flammability of Automotive Interior Materials
General Motors GMW6090M Flammability of Materials
GB/T 8410 Flammability of Automotive Interior Materials
GB 32086 Requirement of Vertical Flammability Characteristic and Test Method for Certain Category Automobile Interior Material
Honda HES D6003 Flammability Test Methods for Automobile Interior Parts
Honda HES C206-99A Flammability of Automobile Parts
ISO 3795 Road Vehicles, and Tractors and Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry – Determination of Burning Behavior of Interior Materials
FCA/Stellantis MS.90095 Resistance to Combustion of the Non-Metallic Materials
SAE J369 Flammability of Polymeric Interior Materials – Horizontal Test Method
Volvo STD 104-0001 Flammability (Burning Behavior) of Interior and Exterior Materials
Volvo STD 1027,5531 Assessment of the Ignitability, Upholstered Furniture (Seats)
Why is testing necessary for automotive interior components?
Types of Materials Commonly Tested
Seating •Leather (natural and synthetic) •Fabric upholstery •Foam padding •Seat frames and mechanisms •Stitching and thread •Heated/ventilated seal components Dashboard •Plastics (ABS, PVC, polyurethane) •Soft-touch coatings •Plated plastic trim •Displays •Vents and HVAC controls •Adhesive layers and bonding materials Instrument Panel •Cluster displays •Buttons, knobs, and switches •Touchscreen surfaces •Backlighting components •Haptic feedback mechanisms Center Console and Door Panels •Plastic trim and bezels •Leather or synthetic coverings •Cup holders, storage compartments •Electronic components (USB ports, chargers) •Armrest materials and padding Wood, metal, or carbon fiber accents •Window switchgear and buttons •Interior door handles and lock mechanisms Steering Wheel •Leather wrapping or synthetic materials •Metal and plastic structural elements •Control buttons •Heated steering components •Airbag cover materials Flooring and Mats •Carpet fibers •All-weather rubber mats •Sound-dampening materials •Floor insulation layers Roof Liner •Fabric liners •Sunroof or panoramic roof trim •Insulation and soundproofing materials Interior Lighting •LEDs and backlighting modules •Ambient lighting strips •Dome and reading lights